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D. varia resources
Flora
Flora of JapanFlora of Japan
Flora of Taiwan, includes drawing (pdf, large)Flora of Taiwan, includes drawing (pdf, large)
Herbarium
Funabashi, JapanFunabashi, Japan
Monograph
Hoshizaki and WilsonHoshizaki and Wilson
Photo
inoperativefrond (link inoperative)
frond and herbarium specimenfrond and herbarium specimen
frondsfronds
habithabit
habit, lowest pinnaehabit, lowest pinnae
pinna, rachis, stipepinna, rachis, stipe
inoperativesori (link inoperative)

All Ferns
  Dryopteridaceae
   Dryopteris
     aemula  affinis
     amurensis  arguta
     bissetiana  campyloptera
     carthusiana  caucasica
     celsa  championii
     clintoniana  crassirhizoma
     cristata  cycadina
     cystolepidota  decipiens
     dilatata  erythrosora
     expansa  filix-mas
     formosana  fragrans
     fuscipes  goldiana
     hondoensis  intermedia
     kuratae  lacera
     lepidopoda  ludoviciana
     marginalis  mindshelkensis
     oreades  pacifica
     polylepis  pseudo-filix-mas
     purpurella  remota
     sacrosancta  saxifraga
     sieboldii  stewartii
     sublacera  tokyoensis
     uniformis  varia
     wallichiana

 Other Genera
    Adiantum  Arachniodes
    Aspidotis  Asplenium
    Astrolepis  Athyrium
    Blechnum  Cheilanthes
    Cryptogramma  Cyrtomium
    Cystopteris  Dennstaedtia
    Deparia  Diplazium
    Gymnocarpium  Lygodium
    Matteuccia  Onoclea
    Oreopteris  Osmunda
    Pellaea  Phegopteris
    Pleopeltis  Polypodium
    Polystichum  Pteridium
    Pteris  Pyrrosia
    Thelypteris  Woodsia
    Woodwardia
 
Dryopteris varia (L.) Kuntze
Etymology Varia means differing or diverse. Originally varia encompassed bissetiana, pacifica, sacrosancta and saxifraga . Some say it should be split further
Description Rhizome: erect, stout, bearing several fronds in a tuft, lanceolate scales abundant, dark brown, to 20 mm.
Frond: 70 cm high by 25 cm wide, evergreen, monomorphic, blade/stipe ratio: 4:3.
Stipe: straw-colored, sometimes tinted brownish in lower portion , grooved, densely scaly throughout; scales linear to lanceolate, to 25 mm long, reddish brown, to blackish brown, shining, vascular bundles: 3-7 in a c-shaped pattern.
Blade: 2-pinnate-pinnatifid at base, pentagonally broadly ovate, papery, shining, bullate scales on costae below, absent above.
Pinnae: 15 to 20 pair, anadromic lowest pair, catadromic above; pinnules first basiscopic pinnule of basal pinnae very long; costae grooved above, continuous from rachis to costae; margins weakly serrate, slightly turned under; veins free, forked.
Sori: round, large, medial, indusium: reniform, at a sinus, sporangia: brownish.
Culture Habitat: lowlands in warmer regions, forest floor in lowlands, often in coastal areas. Distribution: Japan, Korea, China, India, Thailand, Indochina, Taiwan and the Philippines. Hardy to -25°C, USDA Zone 5.
Synonyms
Polypodium varium L.
Dryopteris yabei Hayata
Polystichum varium (L.) Presl
Aspidium varium Sw.
Lastrea varia Moore
Nephrodium varium Presl
Dryopteris varia
Dryopteris varia.  Illustration from The Cultivated Species of the Fern Genus Dryopteris in the United States, Barbara Joe Hoshizaki and Kenneth A. Wilson, American Fern Journal, 89, 1, (1999), with permission.
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